Present tense gerunds are formed by the verb root + -*łd, with '*' being the vowel/diphthong from the verb's infinitive ending.
vinsit|èn --> vinsitèld
finèn|nìn --> finènìłd
In the other tenses, the tense ending is added to the verb root, followed by -*łd. In the near-past and hodiernal-future tenses, -d is added. To continue with the examples of vinitèn and finènnìn:
vinsitoitèłd, finènoitìld
vinsitaid, finènaid
vinsitètèłd, finènètìłd
vinsitalèłd, finènalìld
vinsitòdéd, finènòdéd
vinsitaimèłd, finènaimìłd
vinsitoinèłd, finènoinìłd
If an infix or suffix is added, the final D is removed from the gerund:
Małfadishá aið fìni vinsitaiyilav shafnèn nilávìnò álìmìv. = She remembers your giving her the
book recently. (She thinks herself back [on] your recent giving of this to her the book.)
vinsit|èn --> vinsitèld
finèn|nìn --> finènìłd
In the other tenses, the tense ending is added to the verb root, followed by -*łd. In the near-past and hodiernal-future tenses, -d is added. To continue with the examples of vinitèn and finènnìn:
vinsitoitèłd, finènoitìld
vinsitaid, finènaid
vinsitètèłd, finènètìłd
vinsitalèłd, finènalìld
vinsitòdéd, finènòdéd
vinsitaimèłd, finènaimìłd
vinsitoinèłd, finènoinìłd
If an infix or suffix is added, the final D is removed from the gerund:
Małfadishá aið fìni vinsitaiyilav shafnèn nilávìnò álìmìv. = She remembers your giving her the
book recently. (She thinks herself back [on] your recent giving of this to her the book.)